Trademark registration in Pakistan plays a critical role in securing your brand’s identity and protecting your intellectual property. Whether you’re a startup, an established business, or planning to expand internationally, registering your trademark ensures exclusive rights to your brand name, logo, or symbol under the Trademarks Ordinance, 2001.

Why Trademark Registration is Important in Pakistan

Trademark registration grants legal ownership and protects your brand from misuse or infringement. Once registered, your brand name, logo, or slogan becomes a legally protected asset. This is essential for safeguarding your business identity in a competitive market.

Who Can Register a Trademark?

Any individual, business, or company can apply for a trademark in Pakistan. There is no restriction based on the type or size of the business entity.

Symbols of Trademarks

™ — Can be used for unregistered trademarks to signal ownership claim.
® — Only used after the trademark has been officially registered.
℠ — Used by service providers, though ™ is generally preferred for simplicity.

Benefits of Trademark Registration in Pakistan

– Legal protection from infringement
– Exclusive rights to use the mark
– Builds trust with consumers
– Increases brand value and recognition
– Eligibility for legal action in case of misuse

Trademark Registration Process in Pakistan

1. Trademark Search (TM-55)

Search the trademark database to ensure the brand is unique. Submit TM-55 form with description of the mark to begin search.

2. Filing the Application (TM-1 or TM-2)

Submit application with details including brand name, applicant info, and class of goods/services.

3. Formalities Examination

IPO examines documents and asks for corrections (if needed) within 30 days.

4. Substantive Examination

Application is analyzed under the Trademark Act to confirm distinctiveness and legal eligibility.

5. Publication in Trademark Journal

If accepted, trademark is published in the journal. Oppositions can be raised within 4 months.

6. Handling Opposition (TM-6 or TM-9)

Applicant responds to opposition through defense forms TM-6 or TM-9.

7. Registration Fee & Certificate

Once cleared, fee is submitted. Registration certificate is issued and ® symbol can now be used.

8. Trademark Renewal

Trademark must be renewed every 10 years to maintain legal rights.

Understanding Trademark Classes

Pakistan follows 45 international classes for trademarks. Choosing the correct class is crucial. If unsure, consult an expert.

Cost of Trademark Registration in Pakistan

Fees vary depending on the form and filing type. For individuals: PKR 4,500–5,000. For partnerships or companies: PKR 9,000–10,000. Additional government fees apply per class.

How Long Does It Take to Register a Trademark?

The complete registration process typically takes 12–18 months, including application, examination, publication, and issuance of certificate.

Trademark Infringement and Legal Action

Sections 39 and 40 of the Trademarks Ordinance 2001 define infringement. Legal remedies include injunctions, damages, and court proceedings. All cases must be filed in a District Court under Section 117.

Documents Required for Trademark Registration

– Application form
– CNIC or Passport
– Business proof (Incorporation)
– Trademark image/logo
– Power of Attorney (if using an agent)
– List of goods/services
– Proof of use (if applicable)

Common Trademark Misconceptions

– Forming a business does not automatically grant trademark rights.
– A registered business name is not the same as a registered trademark.
– Not all names are eligible for trademark (e.g. generic terms).

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

– Can I register without complete documents? No.
– Can multiple people own a trademark? Yes, with Power of Attorney.
– What is the validity period? 10 years from filing.
– What happens if my trademark isn’t renewed? It can be opposed or lost.
– Can I trademark a similar name? Depends on class, use, and distinctiveness.
– What’s the difference between © and ®? Copyright is for original content, ® is for registered trademarks.
– Can I use ™ before registration? Yes, from the day of filing.
– Can I register in more than one class? Yes, but fees apply per class.